{"id":6405,"date":"2020-03-09T15:34:13","date_gmt":"2020-03-09T15:34:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/?p=6405"},"modified":"2020-03-09T15:34:57","modified_gmt":"2020-03-09T15:34:57","slug":"ghost-of-the-mountain","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/2020\/03\/09\/ghost-of-the-mountain\/","title":{"rendered":"Ghost of the Mountain"},"content":{"rendered":"<h3>In the most remote mountain ranges of Asia, on the highest peaks and in the steepest canyons, one of the world\u2019s most elusive big cats is edging towards extinction. What can be done to secure a future for the majestic snow leopard?<\/h3>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/stock-photo\/snow-leopard-(panthera-uncia)-juvenile-walking-in-snow-in-spiti-valley-cold\/lightbox-102930\/detail-0_01624477.html\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-6396\" src=\"https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01624477-300x200.jpg\" alt=\"Snow leopard (Panthera uncia) juvenile walking in snow, in Spiti Valley, Cold Desert Biosphere Reserve, Himalaya, Himachal Pradesh, India, March\" width=\"1000\" height=\"667\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01624477-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01624477-150x100.jpg 150w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01624477-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01624477.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01624477-360x240.jpg 360w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01624477-600x400.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01624477-510x340.jpg 510w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01624477-320x213.jpg 320w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01624477-375x250.jpg 375w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01624477-900x600.jpg 900w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01624477-159x106.jpg 159w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><\/a>\n<p>Snow leopards live a solitary life in the mountains of Central Asia, usually at elevations of 3,000 to 4,500 metres (although they have been observed at 5860m). Given the extreme altitude of their perilously steep environment, and the bitterly cold climate, they are among the hardest of top predators to study. Nobody knows for sure how many there are. Estimates range from as few as 3,290 to as many as 8,700 &#8211; a difference of over 5,000 cats.<\/p>\n<div id='gallery-1' class='gallery gallery-6405 style-standard'><figure class='gallery-item col-0'><div class='gallery-icon landscape'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"360\" height=\"240\" src=\"https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01617630-360x240.jpg\" class=\"attachment-three-two size-three-two\" alt=\"Spiti river valley and mountains around Key seen from Gette, Cold Desert Biosphere Reserve, Himalaya mountains, Himachal Pradesh, India, February\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01617630-360x240.jpg 360w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01617630-150x100.jpg 150w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01617630-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01617630-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01617630.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01617630-600x400.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01617630-510x340.jpg 510w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01617630-320x213.jpg 320w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01617630-375x250.jpg 375w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01617630-900x600.jpg 900w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01617630-159x106.jpg 159w\" sizes=\"100vw\" title=\"Spiti river valley and mountains around Key seen from Gette, Cold Desert Biosphere Reserve, Himalaya mountains, Himachal Pradesh, India, February\" \/><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure><figure class='gallery-item col-0'><div class='gallery-icon landscape'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"360\" height=\"240\" src=\"https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01616564-360x240.jpg\" class=\"attachment-three-two size-three-two\" alt=\"Snow leopard (Panthera uncia) old male on a cliff ledge in Spiti valley, Cold Desert Biosphere Reserve, Himalaya mountains, Himachal Pradesh, India, February\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01616564-360x240.jpg 360w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01616564-150x100.jpg 150w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01616564-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01616564-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01616564.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01616564-600x400.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01616564-510x340.jpg 510w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01616564-320x213.jpg 320w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01616564-375x250.jpg 375w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01616564-900x600.jpg 900w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01616564-159x106.jpg 159w\" sizes=\"100vw\" title=\"Snow leopard (Panthera uncia) old male on a cliff ledge in Spiti valley, Cold Desert Biosphere Reserve, Himalaya mountains, Himachal Pradesh, India, February\" \/><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure><figure class='gallery-item col-0'><div class='gallery-icon landscape'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"360\" height=\"240\" src=\"https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01616550-360x240.jpg\" class=\"attachment-three-two size-three-two\" alt=\"Tracker looking with binoculars for Snow leopard (Panthera uncia) in Spiti valley, Cold Desert Biosphere Reserve, Himalaya mountains, Himachal Pradesh, India\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01616550-360x240.jpg 360w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01616550-150x100.jpg 150w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01616550-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01616550-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01616550.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01616550-600x400.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01616550-510x340.jpg 510w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01616550-320x213.jpg 320w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01616550-375x250.jpg 375w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01616550-900x600.jpg 900w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01616550-159x106.jpg 159w\" sizes=\"100vw\" title=\"Tracker looking with binoculars for Snow leopard (Panthera uncia) in Spiti valley, Cold Desert Biosphere Reserve, Himalaya mountains, Himachal Pradesh, India\" \/><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t<\/div><!-- .gallery -->\n\n<p>Snow leopards are well\u00a0adapted to the intense\u00a0cold of their environment.\u00a0Firstly, their fur is dense &#8211;\u00a0the longest and thickest\u00a0of all the big cats &#8211; and\u00a0their large, fur-covered feet\u00a0act as natural snowshoes.\u00a0Secondly, their wide nasal\u00a0cavity warms the cold air\u00a0before it reaches their\u00a0lungs. And lastly, a large,\u00a0muscular chest allows the\u00a0felines to take deep breaths that help them absorb oxygen from the thin, high-altitude\u00a0air (at 4,000m there\u00a0is only 60% of the oxygen\u00a0found at sea level). Without\u00a0maximising oxygen intake,\u00a0the cats would tire easily\u00a0when climbing. Snow\u00a0leopards also have very\u00a0long, thick tails, which\u00a0they use for balance when\u00a0chasing prey in precipitous\u00a0territory, and to wrap\u00a0around their bodies to keep\u00a0themselves warm while\u00a0resting.\u00a0Snow leopards are spread\u00a0across 12 Asian nations.\u00a0The largest numbers are in India and China, but fragmented populations occur in Afghanistan, Pakistan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan, Nepal, Bhutan, Russia and Mongolia.<\/p>\n<div id='gallery-2' class='gallery gallery-6405 style-standard'><figure class='gallery-item col-0'><div class='gallery-icon landscape'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"360\" height=\"240\" src=\"https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01616597-360x240.jpg\" class=\"attachment-three-two size-three-two\" alt=\"Snow leopard (Panthera uncia) male running hunting Himalayan ibex on the snow in Spiti valley, Cold Desert Biosphere Reserve, Himalaya mountains, Himachal Pradesh, India, February\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01616597-360x240.jpg 360w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01616597-150x100.jpg 150w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01616597-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01616597-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01616597.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01616597-600x400.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01616597-510x340.jpg 510w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01616597-320x213.jpg 320w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01616597-375x250.jpg 375w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01616597-900x600.jpg 900w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01616597-159x106.jpg 159w\" sizes=\"100vw\" title=\"Snow leopard (Panthera uncia) male running hunting Himalayan ibex on the snow in Spiti valley, Cold Desert Biosphere Reserve, Himalaya mountains, Himachal Pradesh, India, February\" \/><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure><figure class='gallery-item col-0'><div class='gallery-icon landscape'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"360\" height=\"240\" src=\"https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01616559-360x240.jpg\" class=\"attachment-three-two size-three-two\" alt=\"Mountains at sunrise seen from Kibber village, Spiti valley, Cold Desert Biosphere Reserve, Himalaya mountains, Himachal Pradesh, India, February\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01616559-360x240.jpg 360w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01616559-150x100.jpg 150w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01616559-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01616559-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01616559.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01616559-600x400.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01616559-510x340.jpg 510w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01616559-320x213.jpg 320w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01616559-375x250.jpg 375w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01616559-900x600.jpg 900w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01616559-159x106.jpg 159w\" sizes=\"100vw\" title=\"Mountains at sunrise seen from Kibber village, Spiti valley, Cold Desert Biosphere Reserve, Himalaya mountains, Himachal Pradesh, India, February\" \/><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t<\/div><!-- .gallery -->\n\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Snow leopards are one of\u00a0the most endangered big\u00a0cat species, threatened\u00a0by habitat loss, climate\u00a0change, scarcity of prey\u00a0and conflict killings\u00a0as a result of livestock\u00a0predation. Illegal poaching\u00a0is also a massive concern,\u00a0driven by the same\u00a0consumer demand which\u00a0is driving the poaching and\u00a0trafficking of tigers across\u00a0Asia. Snow leopard skins\u00a0are used for furnishings\u00a0and home decor, as well\u00a0as taxidermy specimens.\u00a0Their bones are offered as\u00a0an alternative to tiger bone\u00a0in traditional medicines,\u00a0while skulls and teeth are in\u00a0demand for use as amulets\u00a0or luxury jewellery. From\u00a02008 to 2016, between 220\u00a0and 450 snow leopards\u00a0were killed and traded each\u00a0year \u2013 an average of one per day.<\/p>\n<div id='gallery-3' class='gallery gallery-6405 style-scrollingstrip'><figure class='gallery-item col-0'><div class='gallery-icon portrait'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"652\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01318630.jpg\" class=\"attachment-gallery-strip-thumb size-gallery-strip-thumb\" alt=\"Two poached Snow Leopard skins (Panthera uncia) held by a Ranger, Tchoichin (left) and the Director of Gobi National Park (right) Mongolia.\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01318630.jpg 652w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01318630-96x150.jpg 96w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01318630-300x471.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01318630-320x503.jpg 320w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01318630-375x589.jpg 375w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01318630-600x942.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01318630-67x106.jpg 67w\" sizes=\"100vw\" title=\"Two poached Snow Leopard skins (Panthera uncia) held by a Ranger, Tchoichin (left) and the Director of Gobi National Park (right) Mongolia.\" \/><\/div><div class=\"gallery-overview-caption\"><strong>Two poached Snow Leopard skins (Panthera uncia) held by a Ranger, Tchoichin (left) and the Director of Gobi National Park (right) Mongolia.<\/strong> by Eric Dragesco<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure><figure class='gallery-item col-0'><div class='gallery-icon landscape'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"682\" src=\"https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01624454.jpg\" class=\"attachment-gallery-strip-thumb size-gallery-strip-thumb\" alt=\"Snow leopard (Panthera uncia) female with her two juveniles resting in a cliff cave, Spiti Valley, Cold Desert Biosphere Reserve, Himalaya, Himachal Pradesh, India, March\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01624454.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01624454-150x100.jpg 150w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01624454-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01624454-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01624454-360x240.jpg 360w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01624454-600x400.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01624454-510x340.jpg 510w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01624454-320x213.jpg 320w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01624454-375x250.jpg 375w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01624454-900x599.jpg 900w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01624454-159x106.jpg 159w\" sizes=\"100vw\" title=\"Snow leopard (Panthera uncia) female with her two juveniles resting in a cliff cave, Spiti Valley, Cold Desert Biosphere Reserve, Himalaya, Himachal Pradesh, India, March\" \/><\/div><div class=\"gallery-overview-caption\"><strong>Snow leopard (Panthera uncia) female with her two juveniles resting in a cliff cave, Spiti Valley, Cold Desert Biosphere Reserve, Himalaya, Himachal Pradesh, India, March<\/strong> by Oriol Alamany<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure><figure class='gallery-item col-0'><div class='gallery-icon landscape'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" src=\"https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01616604.jpg\" class=\"attachment-gallery-strip-thumb size-gallery-strip-thumb\" alt=\"Woman watching a Snow leopard (Panthera uncia) resting on a distant cliff, Spiti valley, Cold Desert Biosphere Reserve, Himalaya mountains, Himachal Pradesh, India\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01616604.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01616604-150x100.jpg 150w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01616604-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01616604-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01616604-360x240.jpg 360w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01616604-600x400.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01616604-510x340.jpg 510w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01616604-320x213.jpg 320w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01616604-375x250.jpg 375w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01616604-900x600.jpg 900w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01616604-159x106.jpg 159w\" sizes=\"100vw\" title=\"Woman watching a Snow leopard (Panthera uncia) resting on a distant cliff, Spiti valley, Cold Desert Biosphere Reserve, Himalaya mountains, Himachal Pradesh, India\" \/><\/div><div class=\"gallery-overview-caption\"><strong>Woman watching a Snow leopard (Panthera uncia) resting on a distant cliff, Spiti valley, Cold Desert Biosphere Reserve, Himalaya mountains, Himachal Pradesh, India<\/strong> by Oriol Alamany<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure><figure class='gallery-item col-0'><div class='gallery-icon portrait'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"683\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01588690.jpg\" class=\"attachment-gallery-strip-thumb size-gallery-strip-thumb\" alt=\"Tracks of a Snow leopard (Panthera uncia) on a snow-covered slope. Ulley Valley, Himalayas, Ladakh, India.\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01588690.jpg 683w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01588690-100x150.jpg 100w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01588690-300x450.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01588690-320x480.jpg 320w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01588690-375x562.jpg 375w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01588690-600x900.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01588690-71x106.jpg 71w\" sizes=\"100vw\" title=\"Tracks of a Snow leopard (Panthera uncia) on a snow-covered slope. Ulley Valley, Himalayas, Ladakh, India.\" \/><\/div><div class=\"gallery-overview-caption\"><strong>Tracks of a Snow leopard (Panthera uncia) on a snow-covered slope. Ulley Valley, Himalayas, Ladakh, India.<\/strong> by Nick Garbutt<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure><figure class='gallery-item col-0'><div class='gallery-icon landscape'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" src=\"https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01616555.jpg\" class=\"attachment-gallery-strip-thumb size-gallery-strip-thumb\" alt=\"Snow leopard (Panthera uncia) old male at dusk looking from a cliff ledge in Spiti valley, Cold Desert Biosphere Reserve, Himalaya mountains, Himachal Pradesh, India, February\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01616555.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01616555-150x100.jpg 150w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01616555-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01616555-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01616555-360x240.jpg 360w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01616555-600x400.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01616555-510x340.jpg 510w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01616555-320x213.jpg 320w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01616555-375x250.jpg 375w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01616555-900x600.jpg 900w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01616555-159x106.jpg 159w\" sizes=\"100vw\" title=\"Snow leopard (Panthera uncia) old male at dusk looking from a cliff ledge in Spiti valley, Cold Desert Biosphere Reserve, Himalaya mountains, Himachal Pradesh, India, February\" \/><\/div><div class=\"gallery-overview-caption\"><strong>Snow leopard (Panthera uncia) old male at dusk looking from a cliff ledge in Spiti valley, Cold Desert Biosphere Reserve, Himalaya mountains, Himachal Pradesh, India, February<\/strong> by Oriol Alamany<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t<\/div><!-- .gallery -->\n\n<p>The ideal snow leopard habitat is bleak, dangerous, cold and desolate \u2013 not most people\u2019s idea of a nice place\u00a0to live. Nevertheless, according to one estimate, over 330 million people live within 10 kilometres of a river that originates in snow leopard habitat, and directly depend on those rivers for water security.\u00a0Snow leopards inhabit the tallest mountain\u00a0ranges on the planet,\u00a0which makes them\u00a0particularly susceptible\u00a0to climate change. Their\u00a0habitat encompasses the\u00a0Himalaya-Hindu Kush\u00a0mountain range and the\u00a0Tibetan Plateau &#8211; an area\u00a0sometimes referred to as\u00a0\u2018the third pole\u2019 because\u00a0its ice fields contain the\u00a0largest reserve of fresh\u00a0water outside the polar\u00a0regions. This region is the\u00a0source of the 10 major river\u00a0systems that provide\u00a0irrigation, power and\u00a0drinking water for over\u00a01.6 billion people in\u00a0Asia \u2013 nearly 20% of the\u00a0world\u2019s population. But\u00a0scientists say that glaciers\u00a0in this region are melting\u00a0away, and could lose\u00a0more than a third of their\u00a0volume by the end of the\u00a0century &#8211; and even more if\u00a0greenhouse gas emissions\u00a0are not curbed. As well\u00a0as concerns about future\u00a0water availability for human\u00a0communities throughout\u00a0the Asian continent, the\u00a0loss of ice would drastically\u00a0impact snow leopard populations.<\/p>\n<div id='gallery-4' class='gallery gallery-6405 style-standard'><figure class='gallery-item col-0'><div class='gallery-icon landscape'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"360\" height=\"240\" src=\"https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01616578-360x240.jpg\" class=\"attachment-three-two size-three-two\" alt=\"Chicham village in a winter afternoon, Spiti valley, Cold Desert Biosphere Reserve, Himalaya mountains, Himachal Pradesh, India, February\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01616578-360x240.jpg 360w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01616578-150x100.jpg 150w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01616578-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01616578-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01616578.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01616578-600x400.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01616578-510x340.jpg 510w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01616578-320x213.jpg 320w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01616578-375x250.jpg 375w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01616578-900x600.jpg 900w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01616578-159x106.jpg 159w\" sizes=\"100vw\" title=\"Chicham village in a winter afternoon, Spiti valley, Cold Desert Biosphere Reserve, Himalaya mountains, Himachal Pradesh, India, February\" \/><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure><figure class='gallery-item col-0'><div class='gallery-icon landscape'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"360\" height=\"240\" src=\"https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01616595-360x240.jpg\" class=\"attachment-three-two size-three-two\" alt=\"Snow leopard (Panthera uncia) male running hunting Himalayan ibex on the snow in Spiti valley, Cold Desert Biosphere Reserve, Himalaya mountains, Himachal Pradesh, India, February\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01616595-360x240.jpg 360w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01616595-150x100.jpg 150w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01616595-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01616595-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01616595.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01616595-600x400.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01616595-510x340.jpg 510w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01616595-320x213.jpg 320w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01616595-375x250.jpg 375w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01616595-900x600.jpg 900w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01616595-159x106.jpg 159w\" sizes=\"100vw\" title=\"Snow leopard (Panthera uncia) male running hunting Himalayan ibex on the snow in Spiti valley, Cold Desert Biosphere Reserve, Himalaya mountains, Himachal Pradesh, India, February\" \/><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure><figure class='gallery-item col-0'><div class='gallery-icon landscape'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"360\" height=\"240\" src=\"https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01617628-360x240.jpg\" class=\"attachment-three-two size-three-two\" alt=\"Key monastery at 4,170 metres,Spiti valley, Cold Desert Biosphere Reserve, Himalaya mountains, Himachal Pradesh, India, February\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01617628-360x240.jpg 360w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01617628-150x100.jpg 150w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01617628-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01617628-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01617628.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01617628-600x400.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01617628-510x340.jpg 510w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01617628-320x213.jpg 320w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01617628-375x250.jpg 375w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01617628-900x600.jpg 900w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01617628-159x106.jpg 159w\" sizes=\"100vw\" title=\"Key monastery at 4,170 metres,Spiti valley, Cold Desert Biosphere Reserve, Himalaya mountains, Himachal Pradesh, India, February\" \/><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t<\/div><!-- .gallery -->\n\n<p>The consequences of\u00a0climate change in the\u00a0ecosystem where the snow\u00a0leopards live are numerous.\u00a0Increasing temperatures\u00a0could thaw out permafrost,\u00a0(the permanently frozen\u00a0layer of soil), leading to\u00a0the emission of a large\u00a0volume of methane and\u00a0carbon dioxide gases into\u00a0the atmosphere. Without\u00a0the permafrost, the ground\u00a0would become softer,\u00a0increasing the likelihood of\u00a0landslides.\u00a0Climate change would\u00a0also impact the treeline,\u00a0allowing forests to spread\u00a0to higher altitudes and\u00a0gradually reduce the\u00a0snow leopards\u2019 habitat.\u00a0A 2012 study by WWF\u00a0warned that, if greenhouse\u00a0gas emissions continue\u00a0to increase steadily, 30\u00a0percent of snow leopard\u00a0habitat in the Himalayan\u00a0portion of their range may\u00a0be lost due to treeline shift.\u00a0Furthermore, the\u00a0vegetation that grows\u00a0in the high mountain\u00a0meadows would be\u00a0superseded by plants\u00a0less palatable to the wild\u00a0alpine herbivores that snow leopards prey on.<\/p>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/stock-photo\/snow-leopard-(panthera-uncia)-male-on-the-snow-stalking-a-group-of-himalayan\/lightbox-102930\/detail-0_01616601.html\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-6380\" src=\"https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01616601-300x200.jpg\" alt=\"Snow leopard (Panthera uncia) male on the snow stalking a group of Himalayan ibex in Spiti valley, Cold Desert Biosphere Reserve, Himalaya mountains, Himachal Pradesh, India, February\" width=\"1000\" height=\"667\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01616601-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01616601-150x100.jpg 150w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01616601-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01616601.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01616601-360x240.jpg 360w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01616601-600x400.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01616601-510x340.jpg 510w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01616601-320x213.jpg 320w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01616601-375x250.jpg 375w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01616601-900x600.jpg 900w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01616601-159x106.jpg 159w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><\/a>\n<p>Snow leopards\u00a0predominantly hunt wild\u00a0sheep and goats. The three\u00a0most important species\u00a0are Asiatic ibex, blue\u00a0sheep or bharal\u00a0and argali. Unfortunately,\u00a0these species are not as\u00a0abundant as they once\u00a0were. Apart from predation\u00a0by snow leopards, they\u00a0are also hunted by\u00a0local communities for\u00a0subsistence use &#8211; and\u00a0poached for meat, trophies\u00a0and skins. Degradation of\u00a0habitat due to competition\u00a0with domestic livestock\u00a0has further reduced populations of snow leopard prey. The cats are opportunistic predators. As their natural prey becomes harder to find, they will sometimes hunt domestic livestock.\u00a0Other food in a snow leopard\u2019s diet may include markhor, Himalayan tahr, deer, horse and camel. When they<br \/>\ncan\u2019t find large prey, snow leopards will also take smaller animals such as voles, marmots and pika.<\/p>\n<div id='gallery-5' class='gallery gallery-6405 style-standard'><figure class='gallery-item col-0'><div class='gallery-icon landscape'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"360\" height=\"240\" src=\"https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01617624-360x240.jpg\" class=\"attachment-three-two size-three-two\" alt=\"Blue Sheep or bharal (Pseudois nayaur) at 4,450 metres,Spiti valley, Cold Desert Biosphere Reserve, Himalaya mountains, Himachal Pradesh, India, February\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01617624-360x240.jpg 360w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01617624-150x100.jpg 150w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01617624-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01617624-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01617624.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01617624-600x400.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01617624-510x340.jpg 510w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01617624-320x213.jpg 320w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01617624-375x250.jpg 375w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01617624-900x600.jpg 900w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01617624-159x106.jpg 159w\" sizes=\"100vw\" title=\"Blue Sheep or bharal (Pseudois nayaur) at 4,450 metres,Spiti valley, Cold Desert Biosphere Reserve, Himalaya mountains, Himachal Pradesh, India, February\" \/><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure><figure class='gallery-item col-0'><div class='gallery-icon landscape'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"360\" height=\"240\" src=\"https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01617626-360x240.jpg\" class=\"attachment-three-two size-three-two\" alt=\"Himalayan ibex (Capra sibirica) male resting, Spiti valley, Cold Desert Biosphere Reserve, Himalaya mountains, Himachal Pradesh, India\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01617626-360x240.jpg 360w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01617626-150x100.jpg 150w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01617626-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01617626-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01617626.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01617626-600x400.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01617626-510x340.jpg 510w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01617626-320x213.jpg 320w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01617626-375x250.jpg 375w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01617626-900x600.jpg 900w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01617626-159x106.jpg 159w\" sizes=\"100vw\" title=\"Himalayan ibex (Capra sibirica) male resting, Spiti valley, Cold Desert Biosphere Reserve, Himalaya mountains, Himachal Pradesh, India\" \/><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t<\/div><!-- .gallery -->\n\n<p>More than half of the\u00a0human population living in\u00a0the remote regions where\u00a0snow leopards are found\u00a0is made up of pastoralists.\u00a0Of these, 40% live below\u00a0the poverty line, depending\u00a0on their herds of livestock\u00a0for food and livelihood.\u00a0The loss of even a single\u00a0animal can create financial\u00a0hardship &#8211; and a desire for\u00a0retribution.\u00a0Measures to protect\u00a0livestock &#8211; such as the use\u00a0of metal grates to create predator-proof\u00a0corrals &#8211; have proven\u00a0effective. However, there\u00a0is inevitably the risk of retaliatory killings by herders.\u00a0The scarcity of natural prey, combined with a shrinking habitat and the encroachment of farmland, forces snow\u00a0leopards to occasionally hunt domestic livestock, leading to retaliatory killings by farmers.<\/p>\n<div id='gallery-6' class='gallery gallery-6405 style-standard'><figure class='gallery-item col-0'><div class='gallery-icon landscape'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"360\" height=\"240\" src=\"https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01616581-360x240.jpg\" class=\"attachment-three-two size-three-two\" alt=\"Woman with a domestic yak (Bos grunniens) in Kibber village at 4.270 m, Spiti valley, Cold Desert Biosphere Reserve, Himalaya mountains, Himachal Pradesh, India, February\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01616581-360x240.jpg 360w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01616581-150x100.jpg 150w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01616581-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01616581-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01616581.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01616581-600x400.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01616581-510x340.jpg 510w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01616581-320x213.jpg 320w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01616581-375x250.jpg 375w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01616581-900x600.jpg 900w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01616581-159x106.jpg 159w\" sizes=\"100vw\" title=\"Woman with a domestic yak (Bos grunniens) in Kibber village at 4.270 m, Spiti valley, Cold Desert Biosphere Reserve, Himalaya mountains, Himachal Pradesh, India, February\" \/><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure><figure class='gallery-item col-0'><div class='gallery-icon landscape'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"360\" height=\"240\" src=\"https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01616579-360x240.jpg\" class=\"attachment-three-two size-three-two\" alt=\"Sheep pen covered in wire to protect livestock from Snow leopard (Pantehera uncia) attack in the village of Kibber in Spiti valley, Cold Desert Biosphere Reserve, Himalaya mountains, Himachal Pradesh, India\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01616579-360x240.jpg 360w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01616579-150x100.jpg 150w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01616579-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01616579-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01616579.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01616579-600x400.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01616579-510x340.jpg 510w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01616579-320x213.jpg 320w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01616579-375x250.jpg 375w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01616579-900x600.jpg 900w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01616579-159x106.jpg 159w\" sizes=\"100vw\" title=\"Sheep pen covered in wire to protect livestock from Snow leopard (Pantehera uncia) attack in the village of Kibber in Spiti valley, Cold Desert Biosphere Reserve, Himalaya mountains, Himachal Pradesh, India\" \/><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure><figure class='gallery-item col-0'><div class='gallery-icon landscape'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"360\" height=\"240\" src=\"https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01612267-360x240.jpg\" class=\"attachment-three-two size-three-two\" alt=\"Wild female Snow leopard (Panthera uncia) with its kill - a domestic yak calf (Bos grunniens). Ladakh Range, Western Himalayas, Ladakh, India.\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01612267-360x240.jpg 360w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01612267-150x100.jpg 150w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01612267-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01612267-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01612267.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01612267-600x400.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01612267-510x340.jpg 510w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01612267-320x213.jpg 320w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01612267-375x250.jpg 375w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01612267-900x600.jpg 900w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01612267-159x106.jpg 159w\" sizes=\"100vw\" title=\"Wild female Snow leopard (Panthera uncia) with its kill - a domestic yak calf (Bos grunniens). Ladakh Range, Western Himalayas, Ladakh, India.\" \/><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t<\/div><!-- .gallery -->\n\n<p>Conservationists have now\u00a0responded to human-leopard\u00a0conflict by\u00a0introducing incentives such\u00a0as community insurance\u00a0schemes to help herders\u00a0bear the economic burden\u00a0of livestock loss while still\u00a0sharing the landscape\u00a0with snow leopards. Some\u00a0programs have given\u00a0Himalayan villagers a\u00a0chance to diversify their\u00a0incomes. The Himalayan\u00a0Homestay Program\u00a0(initiated by the Snow Leopard Conservancy\u00a0India Trust) trains villagers\u00a0to host travellers in their\u00a0homes. The desire among\u00a0tourists to see snow\u00a0leopards has helped to\u00a0promote a more positive\u00a0attitude to the big cats.\u00a0The sale of local handicrafts\u00a0can also help reduce the\u00a0poverty that underlies\u00a0conflict killings. Snow\u00a0Leopard Enterprises &#8211; a\u00a0conservation program\u00a0operating in communities\u00a0throughout Mongolia,\u00a0Kyrgyzstan, Pakistan, and\u00a0India &#8211; buys items such\u00a0as felt rugs, ornaments\u00a0and toys made by local\u00a0pastoralists, selling them to\u00a0snow leopard supporters\u00a0across the globe. In return,\u00a0the local communities\u00a0pledge to keep snow leopards safe from harm.<\/p>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/stock-photo\/felt-snow-leopard-toys-made-by-villagers-part-of-a-broader-eco-tourism\/search\/detail-0_01612183.html\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-6366\" src=\"https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01612183-300x200.jpg\" alt=\"Felt Snow leopard toys made by villagers. Part of a broader eco tourism initiative to augment their income and change local attitudes towards Snow leopards. Ulley Valley, Himalayas, Ladakh, northern India.\" width=\"1000\" height=\"667\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01612183-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01612183-150x100.jpg 150w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01612183-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01612183.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01612183-360x240.jpg 360w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01612183-600x400.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01612183-510x340.jpg 510w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01612183-320x213.jpg 320w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01612183-375x250.jpg 375w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01612183-900x600.jpg 900w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01612183-159x106.jpg 159w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><\/a>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>Tales from the Mountain &#8211;\u00a0Oriol\u00a0Alamany<\/h3>\n<p>One winter morning, while\u00a0staying in the Spiti Valley\u00a0in the northern Indian\u00a0state of Himachal Pradesh,\u00a0photographer Oriol\u00a0Alamany was told by a local\u00a0spotter that a male snow\u00a0leopard had been seen\u00a0on a plain above a rocky\u00a0canyon. Oriol raced to the\u00a0scene, with camera in hand,\u00a0but when he arrived, he\u00a0couldn\u2019t see anything, just\u00a0bare snow. Then he noticed\u00a0two black spots \u2013 the ear\u00a0tips of a snow leopard. He\u00a0decided to wait, knowing\u00a0that snow leopards don\u2019t\u00a0usually move until dark.\u00a0What followed was eight\u00a0icy hours of waiting, at\u00a0-15\u00b0C below zero. Finally,\u00a0at around 6pm, with the\u00a0sun already behind the\u00a0horizon, the leopard lifted\u00a0its head, looked at Oriol\u00a0for half a minute, and\u00a0then disappeared again\u00a0into the white. Despite it\u00a0taking him a whole day to\u00a0achieve this single image,\u00a0Oriol describes it as \u2018an\u00a0exhilarating experience in\u00a0the wild mountains of the\u00a0Himalayas.\u2019 <em>(below left)<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Until recently, there have\u00a0been very few photographs\u00a0of snow leopards taken\u00a0in the wild. They are\u00a0notoriously difficult to\u00a0see, and live in extremely\u00a0inaccessible areas. Oriol\u00a0sees them as an icon of the\u00a0mountains, and hopes that\u00a0both leopard and human\u00a0can continue sharing \u2018the wildest mountains on Earth\u2019.\u00a0<em>(below right)<\/em><\/p>\n<div id='gallery-7' class='gallery gallery-6405 style-standard'><figure class='gallery-item col-0'><div class='gallery-icon landscape'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"360\" height=\"240\" src=\"https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01624458-360x240.jpg\" class=\"attachment-three-two size-three-two\" alt=\"Snow leopard (Panthera uncia) male in snow, in Spiti Valley, Cold Desert Biosphere Reserve, Himalaya, Himachal Pradesh, India, March\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01624458-360x240.jpg 360w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01624458-150x100.jpg 150w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01624458-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01624458-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01624458.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01624458-600x400.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01624458-510x340.jpg 510w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01624458-320x213.jpg 320w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01624458-375x250.jpg 375w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01624458-900x600.jpg 900w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01624458-159x106.jpg 159w\" sizes=\"100vw\" title=\"Snow leopard (Panthera uncia) male in snow, in Spiti Valley, Cold Desert Biosphere Reserve, Himalaya, Himachal Pradesh, India, March\" \/><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure><figure class='gallery-item col-0'><div class='gallery-icon landscape'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"360\" height=\"240\" src=\"https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01624468-360x240.jpg\" class=\"attachment-three-two size-three-two\" alt=\"Photographer Oriol Alamany walking in snow near Kibber, Spiti Valley, Cold Desert Biosphere Reserve, Himalaya, Himachal Pradesh, India.\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01624468-360x240.jpg 360w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01624468-600x400.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01624468-510x340.jpg 510w\" sizes=\"100vw\" title=\"Photographer Oriol Alamany walking in snow near Kibber, Spiti Valley, Cold Desert Biosphere Reserve, Himalaya, Himachal Pradesh, India.\" \/><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t<\/div><!-- .gallery -->\n\n<p>At 11am one morning,\u00a0Oriol found a female snow\u00a0leopard accompanied by\u00a0her two juvenile cubs. It\u00a0was a family he knew well,\u00a0from a trip the previous\u00a0year. Both youngsters\u00a0had survived and were\u00a0now about 21 months\u00a0old, the age at which they\u00a0usually begin to become\u00a0independent from their\u00a0mother. But all three were\u00a0still together and, on this\u00a0particular day, unusually\u00a0active. Oriol followed\u00a0them all day long, as\u00a0they descended along a\u00a0mountain valley. <em>(Below right)\u00a0<\/em>Taken at dusk at an altitude\u00a0of 4400 metres, the\u00a0mother and her young climb up the canyon wall once more.\u00a0<em>(Below left)\u00a0<\/em>The two\u00a0young follow their mother\u00a0(just out of the frame)\u00a0along the edge of a deep\u00a0canyon.<\/p>\n<div id='gallery-8' class='gallery gallery-6405 style-standard'><figure class='gallery-item col-0'><div class='gallery-icon landscape'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"360\" height=\"240\" src=\"https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01617617-360x240.jpg\" class=\"attachment-three-two size-three-two\" alt=\"Snow Leopard (Panthera uncia) female with two cubs climbing a canyon cliff at dusk at 4400 metres, Spiti valley, Cold Desert Biosphere Reserve, Himalaya mountains, Himachal Pradesh, India, February\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01617617-360x240.jpg 360w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01617617-150x100.jpg 150w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01617617-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01617617-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01617617.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01617617-600x400.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01617617-510x340.jpg 510w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01617617-320x213.jpg 320w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01617617-375x250.jpg 375w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01617617-900x600.jpg 900w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01617617-159x106.jpg 159w\" sizes=\"100vw\" title=\"Snow Leopard (Panthera uncia) female with two cubs climbing a canyon cliff at dusk at 4400 metres, Spiti valley, Cold Desert Biosphere Reserve, Himalaya mountains, Himachal Pradesh, India, February\" \/><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure><figure class='gallery-item col-0'><div class='gallery-icon landscape'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"360\" height=\"240\" src=\"https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01624479-360x240.jpg\" class=\"attachment-three-two size-three-two\" alt=\"Snow leopard (Panthera uncia) female with juvenile, walking in snow, in Spiti Valley, Cold Desert Biosphere Reserve, Himalaya, Himachal Pradesh, India, March\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01624479-360x240.jpg 360w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01624479-150x100.jpg 150w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01624479-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01624479-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01624479.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01624479-600x400.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01624479-510x340.jpg 510w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01624479-320x213.jpg 320w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01624479-375x250.jpg 375w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01624479-900x600.jpg 900w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01624479-159x106.jpg 159w\" sizes=\"100vw\" title=\"Snow leopard (Panthera uncia) female with juvenile, walking in snow, in Spiti Valley, Cold Desert Biosphere Reserve, Himalaya, Himachal Pradesh, India, March\" \/><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t<\/div><!-- .gallery -->\n\n<p>Since 1986, the snow\u00a0leopard has been listed\u00a0on the IUCN Red List as\u00a0\u2018Endangered\u2019 &#8211; until the\u00a0controversial decision was\u00a0taken in 2017 to reclassify\u00a0it as a \u2018Vulnerable\u2019 species.\u00a0Himalayan conservationists believe that the risk\u00a0of extinction has been\u00a0understated, because there\u00a0is no accurate data on how\u00a0many snow leopards are\u00a0left in the wild. Researchers\u00a0from all 12 Asian nations\u00a0where snow leopards\u00a0occur began to fill that\u00a0knowledge gap in 2018,\u00a0with a five-year census\u00a0that will take in 10-20%\u00a0of the snow leopards\u2019\u00a0range. Using camera traps,\u00a0radio collaring, and hair\u00a0and scat identification, the researchers hope to\u00a0get a better idea of the\u00a0population size. But any\u00a0conservation strategy\u00a0must also involve the local\u00a0communities, who &#8211; like the\u00a0snow leopards &#8211; depend\u00a0on the mountains for their\u00a0survival. If they can be\u00a0convinced that counting\u00a0the cats will help them\u00a0more than killing them can,\u00a0then efforts to protect the\u00a0\u2018ghost of the mountains\u2019\u00a0are far more likely to succeed.<\/p>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/stock-photo\/snow-leopard-(panthera-uncia)-walking-in-snow-in-spiti-valley-cold-desert\/search\/detail-0_01624480.html\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-6399\" src=\"https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01624480-300x200.jpg\" alt=\"Snow leopard (Panthera uncia) walking in snow, in Spiti Valley, Cold Desert Biosphere Reserve, Himalaya\" width=\"1000\" height=\"667\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01624480-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01624480-150x100.jpg 150w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01624480-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01624480.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01624480-360x240.jpg 360w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01624480-600x400.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01624480-510x340.jpg 510w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01624480-320x213.jpg 320w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01624480-375x250.jpg 375w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01624480-900x600.jpg 900w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01624480-159x106.jpg 159w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><\/a>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>High in the Himalayas,\u00a0snow leopards are fighting\u00a0for their survival. But it\u2019s\u00a0not a fight they have to win\u00a0alone.\u00a0In October 2019, all twelve\u00a0snow leopard range states\u00a0met in Delhi to review\u00a0efforts to ensure snow leopard recovery, with\u00a0some ambitious discussions\u00a0around doubling the global\u00a0population during the next\u00a010 years.\u00a0Meanwhile, a proposed\u00a0highway that would\u00a0cut right through snow\u00a0leopard territory in Nepal\u00a0is being fought by the local community, in conjunction\u00a0with conservation\u00a0groups who have raised\u00a0enough funds to buy the\u00a0land and create a vast,\u00a0permanent, snow leopard\u00a0conservation corridor.\u00a0Local activists in Mongolia are demonstrating extraordinary bravery to\u00a0prevent the destruction of\u00a0snow leopard habitat from\u00a0mining interests.<\/p>\n<p>Snow leopards are\u00a0considered a barometer of\u00a0the health of the mountain\u00a0ecosystem because of their\u00a0wide range and position at\u00a0the top of the food chain.\u00a0Protecting their delicate\u00a0mountain ecosystem will\u00a0have a cascade of benefits\u00a0for the other species too\u00a0&#8211; including red pandas,\u00a0grey wolves, steppe eagles,\u00a0pangolins, wild yaks, and\u00a0lynx.\u00a0The race is on to\u00a0save the iconic ghost\u00a0of the mountains. If\u00a0conservationists can find\u00a0out how many there are,\u00a0and how best to protect\u00a0them (in partnership with\u00a0the communities they share their habitat with) then\u00a0these endangered cats have a chance of remaining \u2018ghosts\u2019 in name only.<\/p>\n<div id='gallery-9' class='gallery gallery-6405 style-standard'><figure class='gallery-item col-0'><div class='gallery-icon landscape'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"470\" height=\"470\" src=\"https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01616598-470x470.jpg\" class=\"attachment-square-overview size-square-overview\" alt=\"Robin accentor (Prunella rubeculoides) in Spiti valley, Cold Desert Biosphere Reserve, Himalaya mountains, Himachal Pradesh, India, February\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01616598-470x470.jpg 470w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01616598-600x600.jpg 600w\" sizes=\"100vw\" title=\"Robin accentor (Prunella rubeculoides) in Spiti valley, Cold Desert Biosphere Reserve, Himalaya mountains, Himachal Pradesh, India, February\" \/><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure><figure class='gallery-item col-0'><div class='gallery-icon landscape'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"470\" height=\"470\" src=\"https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01617625-470x470.jpg\" class=\"attachment-square-overview size-square-overview\" alt=\"Lammergeier or Bearded Vulture (Gypaetus barbatus) in flight in Spiti valley, Cold Desert Biosphere Reserve, Himalaya mountains, Himachal Pradesh, India, February\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01617625-470x470.jpg 470w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01617625-600x600.jpg 600w\" sizes=\"100vw\" title=\"Lammergeier or Bearded Vulture (Gypaetus barbatus) in flight in Spiti valley, Cold Desert Biosphere Reserve, Himalaya mountains, Himachal Pradesh, India, February\" \/><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure><figure class='gallery-item col-0'><div class='gallery-icon landscape'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"470\" height=\"470\" src=\"https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01624470-470x470.jpg\" class=\"attachment-square-overview size-square-overview\" alt=\"Young Blue sheep or Bharal (Pseudois nayaur), Spiti valley, Cold Desert Biosphere Reserve, Himalaya mountains, Himachal Pradesh, India\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01624470-470x470.jpg 470w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01624470-600x600.jpg 600w\" sizes=\"100vw\" title=\"Young Blue sheep or Bharal (Pseudois nayaur), Spiti valley, Cold Desert Biosphere Reserve, Himalaya mountains, Himachal Pradesh, India\" \/><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure><figure class='gallery-item col-0'><div class='gallery-icon landscape'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"470\" height=\"470\" src=\"https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01624465-470x470.jpg\" class=\"attachment-square-overview size-square-overview\" alt=\"Saker Falcon (Falco cherrug) in flight in Spiti Valley, Cold Desert Biosphere Reserve, Himalaya, Himachal Pradesh, India, March\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01624465-470x470.jpg 470w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01624465-600x600.jpg 600w\" sizes=\"100vw\" title=\"Saker Falcon (Falco cherrug) in flight in Spiti Valley, Cold Desert Biosphere Reserve, Himalaya, Himachal Pradesh, India, March\" \/><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure><figure class='gallery-item col-0'><div class='gallery-icon landscape'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"470\" height=\"470\" src=\"https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01624460-470x470.jpg\" class=\"attachment-square-overview size-square-overview\" alt=\"Red Fox (Vulpes vulpes) in the snow around Kibber, in Spiti Valley, Cold Desert Biosphere Reserve, Himalaya, Himachal Pradesh, India, March\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01624460-470x470.jpg 470w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01624460-600x600.jpg 600w\" sizes=\"100vw\" title=\"Red Fox (Vulpes vulpes) in the snow around Kibber, in Spiti Valley, Cold Desert Biosphere Reserve, Himalaya, Himachal Pradesh, India, March\" \/><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure><figure class='gallery-item col-0'><div class='gallery-icon landscape'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"470\" height=\"470\" src=\"https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01617626-470x470.jpg\" class=\"attachment-square-overview size-square-overview\" alt=\"Himalayan ibex (Capra sibirica) male resting, Spiti valley, Cold Desert Biosphere Reserve, Himalaya mountains, Himachal Pradesh, India\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01617626-470x470.jpg 470w, https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/01617626-600x600.jpg 600w\" sizes=\"100vw\" title=\"Himalayan ibex (Capra sibirica) male resting, Spiti valley, Cold Desert Biosphere Reserve, Himalaya mountains, Himachal Pradesh, India\" \/><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t<\/div><!-- .gallery -->\n\n<p>View the full <a href=\"https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/-stories\/feature-stories\/ghost-of-the-mountain.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">gallery of images<\/a>, or download this story as a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/pictures\/PDFs\/NPL_Snow_leopards.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">pdf here<\/a>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>In the most remote mountain ranges of Asia, on the highest peaks and in the steepest canyons, one of the world\u2019s most elusive big cats is edging towards extinction. What can be done to secure a future for the majestic snow leopard? Snow leopards live a solitary life in the mountains of Central Asia, usually&#8230;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/2020\/03\/09\/ghost-of-the-mountain\/\" rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"button\">Read More<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[4,6],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6405","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-stories","category-photographers"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6405"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/7"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6405"}],"version-history":[{"count":9,"href":"https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6405\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6428,"href":"https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6405\/revisions\/6428"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6405"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6405"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.naturepl.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6405"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}